Core Concepts

Understanding Sentinel’s architecture and design principles.

Overview

Sentinel is a high-performance reverse proxy built on Cloudflare’s Pingora framework. It provides a flexible agent-based architecture for implementing security controls, traffic management, and custom request processing.

Key Concepts

ConceptDescription
ProxyThe core Sentinel process that handles incoming requests
ListenerA network endpoint (IP:port) that accepts connections
RouteRules that match requests and direct them to upstreams
UpstreamA group of backend servers that handle requests
AgentAn external process that inspects/modifies requests

Architecture Principles

  1. Performance First - Built on Pingora for minimal latency overhead
  2. Agent Isolation - Security logic runs in separate processes
  3. Fail-Safe Defaults - Configurable fail-open behavior for resilience
  4. Observable - Built-in metrics, logging, and tracing

In This Section

PageDescription
ArchitectureSystem design and component interaction
ComponentsDetailed breakdown of each component
Pingora FoundationUnderstanding the Pingora framework
Request FlowHow requests traverse the proxy
RoutingRequest matching and forwarding rules
ComparisonHow Sentinel compares to Envoy, HAProxy, and Nginx
  1. Start with Architecture for the big picture
  2. Read Components to understand each part
  3. Review Request Flow to see how they work together
  4. Dive into Routing for traffic management details
  5. See Comparison to understand trade-offs with alternatives